Defenders start from behind. Declarer's biggest advantage is knowing where all the values are for his side. As a defender, we have to guess where important missing honors might be. That's why it is important for defenders to follow play agreements to help each other identify the location of those missing honors.
Examples of play agreements: leading the top of an honor sequence, playing the lowest of touching honors in third seat, attitude signals, and leading fourth best against notrump. Some of these agreements are universal and some require discusssion with partner.
Sometimes, we might not know where a missing honor may be, but we should still make a particular play.
For this quiz, assume we are playing 4th best leads and standard signals.
Opening lead against 3NT.
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DUMMY
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YOU
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 J |
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We lead the 4
Partner plays the J and declarer wins the A.
Which stament is true:
Partner has the K, but not the 10
Partner has the 10, but not the K
Partner has the K and 10
Declarer has the K and 10
We don't know the location of the K and/or the 10
Partner leads the 
6 against 4 (1-3-4).
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DUMMY
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YOU
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Dummy has: 543. You hold KJ82.
Declarer plays low from dummy.
What do we know?
Partner has the A and Q
Partner has the Q, but not the A
Partner has the A, but not the Q
Declarer has both the A and Q
We do not know about the A and not the Q
Other
Against 4, partner leads the 3.
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DUMMY
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YOU
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What do you know?
Partner has the K
Declarer has the K
We do not know who has the K
Against 3NT, partner leads the J.
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DUMMY
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YOU
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What do you know?
Partner has the K and 10, but not the Q
Partner has the K and Q, but not the 10
Partner has K, Q, and 10
Partner has the 10, but not the K or Q
Partner has the 10, but we don't know about the K
Other
Partner leads the 4 against 3NT.
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DUMMY
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YOU
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Which of the following is definitely true:
Partner has five hearts
Partner has four hearts
The heart suit can not be running (we can't immediately take all the tricks in this suit).
Not enough information to say any of these for certain
Against 1NT (1NT All Pass) you lead the 
6
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DUMMY
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YOU
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Partner wins the A (declarer playing the 3) and plays the 7. Declarer plays the 10.
What do we know?
Partner has the Q, and we should win the J and keep playing clubs
Declarer has the Q, and we should win the J and cash the A, then play our fourth club
Declarer has the Q, and we should win the J and cash the A
Declarer has the Q, and we should win the J and then switch suits
None of the above
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